term.subject="administration"

Summary: Kerwin Kaye offers an ethnographic account of drug courts and mandatory treatment centers as a system of coercion, demonstrating how the state uses notions of rehabilitation as a means of social regulation. Enforcing Freedom presents a critical perspective on the punitive side of criminal-justice reform and points toward alternative paths forward

Summary: "This book examines the current system of pretrial release in the United States and argues that its reliance on cash bail has led to extremely high rates of pretrial detention, particularly of the poor. The book reviews the history, purpose, and structure of bail systems in the United States, paying particular attention to jurisdictions that have moved from a cash-bail system to a system based on risk. The book synthesizes the current research on bail and discusses the social and economic consequences of pretrial detention. In addition, it explores the role of commercial bond, the development of community bail funds, and the use of pretrial risk assessment. The authors critique current bail reform efforts, pointing out the strengths and drawbacks of numerous suggestions that might improve pretrial justice processes while simultaneously reducing socioeconomic inequalities in bail and pretrial detention outcomes"--Provided by publisher

Summary: A history of the McCleskey v. Kemp Supreme Court ruling that effectively condoned racism in capital casesIn 1978 Warren McCleskey, a black man, killed a white police officer in Georgia. He was convicted by a jury of 11 whites and 1 African American, and was sentenced to death. Although McCleskey's lawyers were able to prove that Georgia courts applied the death penalty to blacks who killed whites four times as often as when the victim was black, the Supreme Court upheld the death sentence in McCleskey v. Kemp, thus institutionalizing the idea that racial bias was acceptable in the capital punishment system. After a thirteen-year legal journey, McCleskey was executed in 1991. In Killing with Prejudice, R.J. Maratea chronicles the entire litigation process which culminated in what has been called "the Dred Scott decision of our time." Ultimately, the Supreme Court chose to overlook compelling empirical evidence that revealed the discriminatory manner in which the assailants of African Americans are systematically undercharged and the aggressors of white victims are far more likely to receive a death sentence. He draws a clear line from the lynchings of the Jim Crow era to the contemporary acceptance of the death penalty and the problem of mass incarceration today. The McCleskey decision underscores the racial, socioeconomic, and gender disparities in modern American capital punishment, and the case is fundamental to understanding how the death penalty functions for the defendant, victims, and within the American justice system as a whole

Summary: "Indigenous women continue to be overrepresented in Canadian prisons; research demonstrates how their overincarceration and often extensive experiences of victimization are interconnected with and through ongoing processes of colonization. "Implicating the System: Judicial Discourses in the Sentencing of Indigenous Women" explores how judges navigate these issues in sentencing by examining related discourses in selected judgments from a review of 175 decisions. The feminist theory of the victimization-criminalization continuum informs Elspeth Kaiser-Derrick's work. She examines its overlap with the Gladue analysis, foregrounding decisions that effectively integrate gendered understandings of Indigenous women's victimization histories, and problematizing those with less contextualized reasoning. Ultimately, she contends that judicial use of the victimization-criminalization continuum deepens the Gladue analysis and augments its capacity to further its objectives of alternatives to incarceration. Kaiser-Derrick discusses how judicial discourses about victimization intersect with those about rehabilitation and treatment, and suggests associated problems, particularly where prison is characterized as a place of healing. Finally, she shows how recent incursions into judicial discretion, through legislative changes to the conditional sentencing regime that restrict the availability of alternatives to incarceration, are particularly concerning for Indigenous women in the system."

Summary: The purpose of this book is to address the proper preparation for careers in criminal justice. This book describes the realistic descriptions of the various entry-level positions that are offered, and practical information is provided to maximize efficiency in the selection of academic courses that will improve a student's likelihood of success during the application process. The names of state law enforcement training councils, federal law enforcement agencies, intelligence agencies, state regulatory agencies, federal regulatory agencies, and criminal justice professional associations are con

Summary: "Race and Crime examines how and why racialized mass incarceration emerged as a new racial management strategy in the United States and explores its impact on the institutions of criminal justice. Elizabeth Brown and George Barganier historicize the issues of race and crime in society by returning to the history of colonial conquest and the emergence of the idea of race. They show how this idea transitions and transforms throughout history and affects the creation of state power, the emergence of new state institutions, and geographies of racial segregation. Finally, they analyze how punishment, the death penalty, and everyday practices of surveillance practiced in and through the police and courts shape the geographical expression of injustice in the United States today."--Provided by publisher

Summary: Smuggling along the Chinese coast has been a thorn in the side of many regimes. From opium concealed aboard foreign steamships in the Qing dynasty to consumer commodities like nylon stockings and wristwatches trafficked in the People's Republic, contests between state and smuggler have exerted a surprising but crucial influence on the political economy of modern China. Seeking to consolidate domestic authority and confront foreign challenges, the state introduced tighter regulations, higher taxes, and harsher enforcement. These interventions sparked widespread defiance, triggering further coercive measures: smuggling simultaneously threatened the state's power while inviting repression that strengthened its authority. Philip Thai chronicles the vicissitudes of smuggling in modern China-its practice, suppression, and significance-to demonstrate the intimate link between coastal smuggling and the amplification of state power. China's War on Smuggling shows that the fight against smuggling was not a simple law enforcement problem but rather an impetus to centralize and expand regime control. The smuggling epidemic gave Chinese states pretext to define legal and illegal behavior, and the resulting constraints on consumption and movement remade everyday life for individuals, merchants, and communities

Summary: "The distinction between the consequences of an act and the act itself is supposed to define the fight between consequentialism and deontological moralities. This book, though sympathetic to consequentialism, aims less at taking sides in that debate than at clarifying the terms in which it is conducted. It aims to help the reader to think more clearly about some aspects of human conduct--especially the workings of the 'by'-locution, and some distinctions between making and allowing, between act and upshot, and between foreseeing and intending (the doctrine of double effect). It argues that moral philosophy would go better if the concept of 'the act itself' were dropped from its repertoire. Book Keywords: action, allowing, consequences, consequentialism, deontological ethics, double effect, ethics, intention."--Provided by publisher